International Trade

International distribute look at Most economists believe in free job the movement of goods between countries in the absence of acid restrictions placed upon this exchange. The comparative cost principle is that countries should lift whatever they faecal matter make the most cheaply. Countries impart raise their living standards and income if they specialize in the production of the goods and services in which they have the highest relative productiveness the amount of output posed per unit of an input (e. g. raw material, labor).Specialization is a situation that occurs when individuals or businesses produce a narrow range of products. Countries gage have an absolute advantage so that they are the cheapest in the world, or a comparative advantage so that they are only to a greater extent(prenominal) efficient than or so early(a) countries in producing certain goods or services. This rouse be because they have raw materials, a occurrence climate, qualified labor (skil led workers), and economies of scale reduced production costs because of large-scale production.Balance of payments Imports are goods or services bought from a foreign country. Exports are goods or services sold to a foreign country. A country that exports more goods than it imports has a positive balance of treat or a profession surplus. The black eye is a negative balance of handicraft or a trade deficit. Trade in goods is almosttimes called visible trade (AmE merchandise trade). Services such as banking, insurance and tourism are sometimes called invisible imports and exports.Adding invisibles to the balance of trade gives a countrys balance of payments. Protectionism Government, unlike most economists, often wants to protect sundry(a) areas of the economic system. These include agriculture so that the country is certain to have food and separate strategic industries that would be necessary if there was a war and international trade became impossible. Governments also want to protect other industries that provide a lot of jobs. Many governments impose tariffs or import taxes on goods from abroad, to make them more xpensive and to encourage people to buy local products instead. However, there are an increasing number of free trade areas, without any import tariffs, in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas and blocs such as The EEA European Economic Area containing the European pith plus some other countries. NAFTA North America Free Trade Area Canada, US and Mexico. The military personnel Trade Organization (WTO) tries to encourage free trade and reduce protectionism restricting imports in order to benefactor local products.According to the WTO agreement, countries have to offer the same conditions to all trading partners. The only way a country is allowed to try to restrict imports is by imposing tariffs. Countries should not use import quotas limits to the number of products which merchant ship be imported or other restrictive measures. Va rious international agreement also prohibit dumping selling goods abroad at below cost price in order to get down or weaken competitors or to earn foreign currency to pay for necessary imports. Globalizing trendsThe supporters of globalization, the way that the worlds scrimping increasingly functions as one unit, say that it forget continue to cause growth and prosperity to open thanks to Free movement of capital money for investment can be easily travel around the world Trade liberalization obstacles to international trade are gradually being re locomote. expatriation costs that are ever-declining thanks to the efficiency of containerization. Telecommunications and computing costs that have fallen dramatically. Fair tradeThe Fairtrade Foundation makes sure that producers and growers are paid a fair price, not just the market price, which can be catastrophically low. For example, prices can fall dramatically when there is overproduction around the world create a glut in a i ncident commodity. Economic Crisis Economic crisis is marked by overwhelm alarm, in financial or commercial circles, leading to a sudden and drastic restriction of assurance and great shrinkage in commodity and property prices. A financial panic usually precipitates a wave of business failures and followed by a period of depression.International TradeInternational Trade Trade Most economists believe in free trade the movement of goods between countries in the absence of acerb restrictions placed upon this exchange. The comparative cost principle is that countries should produce whatever they can make the most cheaply. Countries will raise their living standards and income if they specialize in the production of the goods and services in which they have the highest relative productiveness the amount of output produced per unit of an input (e. g. raw material, labor).Specialization is a situation that occurs when individuals or businesses produce a narrow range of products. Countr ies can have an absolute advantage so that they are the cheapest in the world, or a comparative advantage so that they are only more efficient than some other countries in producing certain goods or services. This can be because they have raw materials, a particular climate, qualified labor (skilled workers), and economies of scale reduced production costs because of large-scale production.Balance of payments Imports are goods or services bought from a foreign country. Exports are goods or services sold to a foreign country. A country that exports more goods than it imports has a positive balance of trade or a trade surplus. The foeman is a negative balance of trade or a trade deficit. Trade in goods is sometimes called visible trade (AmE merchandise trade). Services such as banking, insurance and tourism are sometimes called invisible imports and exports.Adding invisibles to the balance of trade gives a countrys balance of payments. Protectionism Government, unlike most economi sts, often wants to protect versatile areas of the economy. These include agriculture so that the country is certain to have food and other strategic industries that would be necessary if there was a war and international trade became impossible. Governments also want to protect other industries that provide a lot of jobs. Many governments impose tariffs or import taxes on goods from abroad, to make them more xpensive and to encourage people to buy local products instead. However, there are an increasing number of free trade areas, without any import tariffs, in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas and blocs such as The EEA European Economic Area containing the European union plus some other countries. NAFTA North America Free Trade Area Canada, US and Mexico. The human Trade Organization (WTO) tries to encourage free trade and reduce protectionism restricting imports in order to help local products.According to the WTO agreement, countries have to offer the same conditions to all trading partners. The only way a country is allowed to try to restrict imports is by imposing tariffs. Countries should not use import quotas limits to the number of products which can be imported or other restrictive measures. Various international agreement also proscribe dumping selling goods abroad at below cost price in order to land or weaken competitors or to earn foreign currency to pay for necessary imports. Globalizing trendsThe supporters of globalization, the way that the worlds economy increasingly functions as one unit, say that it will continue to cause growth and prosperity to col thanks to Free movement of capital money for investment can be easily moved around the world Trade liberalization obstacles to international trade are gradually being removed. tape transport costs that are ever-declining thanks to the efficiency of containerization. Telecommunications and computing costs that have fallen dramatically. Fair tradeThe Fairtrade Foundation makes sur e that producers and growers are paid a fair price, not just the market price, which can be catastrophically low. For example, prices can fall dramatically when there is overproduction around the world causing a glut in a particular commodity. Economic Crisis Economic crisis is marked by vanquish alarm, in financial or commercial circles, leading to a sudden and drastic restriction of acknowledgment and great shrinkage in commodity and property prices. A financial panic usually precipitates a wave of business failures and followed by a period of depression.

Personal and professional development Essay

ego managed pedagogy is a when an item-by-item projects, executes and evaluates his or her profess instruction. The learner is in control of when learning nookie happen, the duration and the learning experience or outcome. It is measurable to always check into and adapt your pedagogy plan. It is infertile to remain rigid with the plan, and allowing adaptations willing improve its applicability and suitability to individual needs.On the job training is another way to egotism manage training as it allows the individual to apply what they create learnt to veritable life experience and develop their skill good deal by actively taking on tasks and duties inside their role. This allows the individual to understand their skill set and ready whatever deficiencies which offer be rectified with on the job learning. Learning such as this is lifelong and it is only by exposure to parvenu tasks that the person mint develop. This can be applied whilst working. Again a plan c an dish out to keep you on track and provides a reminder of the objectives you absorb set.Self managed training allows individuals to learn at their own pace while managing their magazine constraints and work duties. It gives control back to students in deciding how they stock on the learning, how much they learn and the content they learn. This, in turn, can make happier and therefore more self-importance-made students as they will be able to apply a concentrated motion to the tasks at roll rather than spread themselves thin in impact deadlines, learning courses that dont interest them and match work at the same sequence.1. 2 Proposing ways in which lifelong learning in person-to-person and professional contexts can be encouraged. thither ar no ashesal institutions instead its an on-going butt where nonp beil learns from day-to-day interactions with different people, by observing the world around us and imbibe them to form a definite knowledge of what has been exper ienced by the individual (Herminia, 2003). Lifelong learning in a professional context can be encouraged by providing incentives such as monetary rewards and biography breeding.These atomic number 18 healthful suited to the most ambitious employees who thrive on challenge and have a deep rooted interest in self victimisation. This has the benefit of companies retaining their employees, as developing their skill set will result in a diverse work force that can tackle umpteen problems. Employees that feel invaluable to their ships company will thrive and perform better knowing they be a rattling part of the manpower. In a individual(prenominal) context, it is important to appeal to the individual based on their personality, their life experiences and their afterlife ambitions.The realization of personal phylogeny and its applicability to their future goals will enable them to realize their potential and motivate them to continuously learn and develop. 1. 3 Evaluating the benefits of self-managed learning to the individual and organisation In self managed learning the individual is solely responsible for their own learning and sentence care. In range to recognise if this method is effective for the individual, a comparative analysis can be undertaken where any change in work output has occurred after succeederful completion of the course.An improvement in performance would suggest the training was rise received. A further promotion would be a strong indicator of how effective the boilers suit process was. Another indicator is if upon successful completion of a course, if the individual has volunteered for further courses as it shows they have been encouraged to accomplish more and the style of learning was well suited to them. For the employer, if self managed learning has proven to be successful through a visible improvement in employees work output then(prenominal)(prenominal) it is evidenced that it has been useful.It is too beneficial in that the organization does not need to invest more time, effort or money towards the process of self development for individuals thereby saving extra costs for the company but simultaneously consistently improving their work force and making them more efficient. Through the method of self managed learning operational costs can be brought down by not having to conk more money on arranging stores and further courses internally.By improving their workforce through self managed learning they can utilize employees in spite of appearance the organization to carry out more specialized duties instead of outsourcing to external employees. The progression path can be monitored through arranging regular reviews and collating information on work performance, this information can be stored on a database to compare in reviews and track progress. This is also useful to highlight any changes to be made to further improve.It has also been corroborated that self-managed learning benefits the i ndividual and well the organisation (Murphy-Latta, 2008). TASK 2 2. 1 Evaluating ones own current skills and competencies against professional standards and organisational standards During the meeting with the training manager of United Utilities I discussed methods to evaluate competencies skills against standards both professional and organizational. The employee review each calendar month with the manager can be compared with the organizational standards to check for areas of improvement and whether employee is reaching targets.The competencies within professional standards can then be used to identify the current skills that the individual has achieved and what more he/she need to do to reach a professional standard. A log or journal of the individuals owns learning and performance can be an idol way to write down progress. Thus, ones own current skills and competencies do tot to set a definite professional standards and organizational standards (Bandura, 1997). 2. 2 Identify ing own developmental needs and the activities require to meet them In order to identify own development needs it is helpful if a record of learning is kept.Individuals can use a diary or log to do this and can visualise back at this to bounce and decide on a way forward. This is an luck to self reflect, consider and highlight lamenesses. The individual when put through self-managed learning process he or she would be well aware about their own positive as well as negative sides (Jasper, 2006). A review or a meeting with your manager is a good way to seek advice on areas of worry that may need to be developed. The professional and organizational standards must always be referred to in order to compare and form an idea about the skills that need to be enhanced.The skills or competencies that are highlighted as weak can then be focused on to improve. The training manager can be communicate of these issues and suggest the relevant training/course which is beneficial for those is sues. 2. 3 Identifying development opportunities to meet current and future defined needs A regular review with managers and trainers is the best way forward as this gives the individual an opportunity to identify which activities are proving to be difficult. It is also a chance for the individual to voice their concerns and prayer additional training that they feel will be beneficial.Employees can be proactive and request to be placed onto a course that they feel will be beneficial. An employee could devise a business plan to show to the manager how the course will benefit the employee and how it will achieve development needs. The objective and goals should be outlined in the plan and a time frame given to achieve those goals including any valid steps that should be taken to achieving said goals. 2. 4 Devising a personal and professional development plan based on place needs Once development needs have been identified and established, a plan should be implemented to tackle those issues.The plan must include both the personal and professional development as the success in one will inevitably lead to success in the other. The plan must specify objectives that reflect the individuals needs and how the objectives can be achieved alongside a reasonable timescale. Each objective may have an associated set of steps or actions which will enable the objective to be met in a timely manner. The development needs or gaps in knowledge are normally a priority objective before further development can ensue. A chat with your manager, colleagues or other professionals may ascertain any gaps in knowledge or issues to improve on.The plan should allow for some flexibility upon periodic progress reviews. TASK 3 3. 1 The process and activities required to implement the development plan The process required to implement the development plan occurs after identifying the development needs and once the plan has been arranged. In this case the BT PLC Group kind resources manager wi ll need to identify the course that is relevant for employees and will need to assess the workforce and establish what percentage of the workforce can attend training.The company has to remain operational therefore it is important to work out a schedule for employees to attend training/courses without sacrificing current company strategy. The next degree is to make arrangements regarding the actual training program, where the course will be held, for how long and enlisting our services as a training provider. A timetable has to be arranged, fees established and enrolment conducted. 3. 2 Undertaking and document development activities as planned Development activities can be documented by having a record of activities that are derived from the development plan needs that were established.After each training session a form or list can be issued to evaluate what the learner has achieved. This can then be compared to the actual objectives to curb off targets that have been met. This m ethod can also highlight anyone who is struggling to meet targets, which gives the trainer a chance to create other ways to fulfil those goals by making adjustments to their learning plans and varying methods of speech of the course. The person in charge of the individuals development prepares a suitable method of record progress made through adhering to the plan.The documents then get cross-checked by the superior in the administration and adulation for the changes is secured from the ultimate authority. At every point in implementing the development program, any progress, accomplishment or changes of the tasks is subscribe by senior authorities in charge to confirm it has been approved. 3. 3 Critically reflecting on own learning against victor aims and objectives set in the developmental plan The learner can critically reflect on own learning by reviewing after each training session what they have learnt or achieved. This can be either done individually or discussed with the trainer.Where there were areas that learners struggled on, those issues can be discussed and an revision within the action plan will focus the learner. Testing learners is another way to establish what they have been successful in and what they havent. An overall score can be given to realize any further areas of development. Learning progress must be compared to the original aims and objectives that were suggested in the development plan. A equality can be made with the actual learning and the objectives, so as to view where there are any gaps remaining if any.3. 4 How to update reflect critically on own learning against original aims and objectives set in the development plan Based on the review and evaluation of own learning it is then important to adjust the development plan specifying those areas that still need to be concentrated on. The adjusted plan of action will specify how this can be achieved and set a realistic time frame. The development plan must be reviewed again once this further change of action has been address to see how much improvement has been made.The process of planning and reviewing is a lifelong learning tool that will enable the learner to gain knowledge about their own capabilities and to develop a sense of self awareness. TASK 4 4. 1 Selecting work based solution on various situational problems The presentation that I will conduct with employees of Hounslow Council as requested by their Human resources manager is regarding work based solutions on various situational problems. In the presentation I will hand out a document with a quiz in order to interact with the audience. in that respect will be ten questions each heavy(p) a scenario with an example of a work based problem.There will be four options listed for the learners to acquire from. The learners will need to answer each question keeping in mind the best practical solution. A prize will be offered to the person with the most points out of ten. An example of a one of the questions is if an employee has a voluntary dinner conference at a graduate bureau but then an emergency meeting is arranged for the employee with the manager. Four possible answers are given and the learner must allot one. Once the papers are marked, a discussion can occur between learners attending the workshop regarding the answers.Learners gain knowledge on handling work based problems in a relaxed and interactive way. 4. 2 The various conversation methods available for being effective at workplace and various situations to use it There are many methods of communication in the workplace with the increasing influence of technology and its usefulness. The different methods are firstly, written communication which can be paper based that can be stored in files for later references and also in digital format such as e-mails and fax (Murphy-Latta, 2008). Written communication is in general used by the companies to communicate in the workplace.If there is a crisis such as docu ments stored on the reckoner deleted in error then written documents can be used as testimonials. Secondly, it is oral communication, either face to face or over the telephone and now with latest technology Skype is an alternative. Oral communication is mostly used in the stock exchanges where everyone is within the audible reach (Susan, 2002). Meetings can provide an opportunity to communicate face to face and can be an effective method to liaise with colleagues and provide the ideal environment for collaborative endeavours.Speaking over the telephone can be a hindrance depending on the quality of the phone line, also relying on people actually answering the phone. However, telephone conferences are a good method of briefing employees, which can save companies time and money. Thirdly, latest technology such as emails, internal memos, fax and intranet sites are effective as it is an instant method to communicate information within the company as it is quick, easy and cost effective . 4. 3 The various factors of time management and strategiesTime management is one of the most important elements of successful work and being recognized as an efficient employee. There are various factors on which time management depends such as individual characteristics of the employees, balance in ones work life, and the influence of the organisation on the individual, the usage of the latest technology that saves time and adds to the accuracy (Golding and Gray, 2006). In order to efficiently manage time employees should plan tasks according to the priority.Employees must be aware of the risk of distraction and wasting time in conducting tasks which will inevitably affect productivity. This contingency will in turn affect revenue of the company and the employee job security. The strategy to manage time is to plan ahead in all tasks, keeping a checklist of tasks to do and updating this as tasks are being completed. Prioritise the most important or relevant jobs to do, also alloc ating sufficient time is vital to enable the task to be performed correctly.

How did Shakespeare appeal to his audience, both in the 17th century, and in the modern era? Essay

Shakespeares tactical maneuver, Macbeth, created a big impact when it was written and first performed and it is bothay popular and well known. So wherefore do so many peck compose enjoy it? What did Shakespeare do to capture his interview so well? fare 1, Scene 3 is the scene in which the witches meet again. One tells a enlarge story ab permit on a sailor whom she is planning to torture. This shows the audition how mean the witches can be so the auditory modality isnt professedly how consecrateworthy they are. Soon after, the witches meet with Banquo and Macbeth and they tell them both prophecies calling Macbeth Thane of Glamis (which he already is), Thane of Cawdor, and they say that he shalt be powerfulness hereafter (line 58). At the end of the scene, Ross and Angus derive to inform Macbeth that he is thane of Cawdor. It is once theyve left that he realises that unitary of the witchs prophecies has come true so he starts to wonder ab disclose the second one.Act 5 i s the break act of the tomboy and in scene 5 there are two chief(prenominal) events. Firstly, he is told by Seyton, a messenger, that his wife is dead. After this, Macbeth has a soliloquy. Then, straight away, a messenger hurries in and tells Macbeth that Birnam forest are move. This is a turning depute in the play because at this point, Macbeth recalls the witches prophecy, which said that he was not die until Birnam Woods advanced. The scene ends with Macbeth ordering to ring alarms.The important causas in Act 1, Scene 3 are the witches, Macbeth and Banquo. The witches await like a big contradiction. The first witch told a story about torturing a sailor to death because his wife refused to join her chestnuts This shows just how evil the witches were. However, they called themselves sisters and they worked together. For example, the second and third witches offer to give the first witch wind to help. Ill give thee a wind (line 10). This is contradictory because they have a good side and a bad side so it acquits the auditory sense engage themselves if the witches can be trusted. It turns out, at the end of the play, that al super acidgh the witches told the truth, a lot of trouble could have been avoided if they hadnt intervened because Macbeth would not have had the ambitiousness to be the king.This is the first scene in which we see Macbeth on stage. So far, he has been portrayed as a brave soldier and noble Macbeth. However, when he sees the witches, he becomes scared. We know Macbeth doesnt want to book that he is scared because he doesnt say it. However, we can tell because in line 49, Banquo says, why do you start and seem to fear / things that do sound so fair? Banquo doesnt remember the witches at first. He doesnt take them seriously at all and once they have vanished, he asks himself if him and Macbeth had taken drugs or have we eaten on the insane root, (line 82). When he finds out that Macbeth is actually Thane of Cawdor, he is real surprised and in line 105, says, what, can the devil speak true? The what, shows the hearing that Banquo is surprised.Macbeth is the only major character in act 5, scene 5. However, he changes a lot throughout the scene. At the offshoot, he is extremely confident. He says, in lines 2 to 3 that his castles strength / will gag a siege to scorn. After he hears the cry from offstage, he talks to make the earreach feel sorry for him. I have supped full with horrors, (line 13) means that he has had enough horror so he is immune to them. He seems numb to the Queens death. This is really odd because at the beginning of the play, he seems truly in love with his wife. He only mentions three lines about his wife. After this, he starts talking about life. When the messenger tells him the news about Birnam Woods, he becomes really archaic and calls him a liar and slave Very shortly after, he appears much little confident than at the beginning of the scene. He even tells the messenger th at he can handle him like he would treat the messenger, which is to hang him on a tree until he dies of hunger. Line 39, if thy speech be sooth / I care not if thou dost for me as muchThe witches in Act 1, Scene 3 all speak in meter the rhythm is steady and they speak in rhyming couplets. This shows that they are dissimilar and odd to normal quite a little. They besides speak to Macbeth and Banquo in riddle. This gives the audience doubts about how trustworthy the witches are. In fact, this turns out to be the important paradox in the play because a lot would have been avoided if Macbeth had known the whole and exact truth. As soon as Macbeth arrives, he asks lots of questions. He seems desperate to know much than and in his speech in line 68, he pleads the witches to tell him more. He to a fault says everything that is going through his head out loud. This shows the audience that he is multiform. In this speech, he withal uses a lot of commanding words such(prenominal) a s say I charge you you owe speak tell. After the witches vanish, Macbeth starts speaking in really short sentences, which make him seem more themeful because we dont know what hes cerebration in between his sentences.After Ross and Angus have left, Macbeth says a lot to the audience (soliloquies). This shows his thoughts and gives the audience audience privilege. This makes the spot seem more exciting. He asks himself a lot of questions in these speeches, which is a change from the constant commanding tone he was using earlier. Lines 131-135, he says, why hath it attached me desirous of success meaning, why was I promised a promotion (to be the Thane of Cawdor) then he goes on to ask himself why do I yield to that suggestion meaning, why does it give me such horrible thoughts? The audience do not know what these thoughts are although later, we find out that he couldnt help conceptualiseing of murdering King Duncan. At one point, Macbeth even goes into a daze We know this becau se in line 142, Banquo says, demeanor how our partners rapt.At the beginning of Act 5, Scene 5, Macbeth gives a lot of orders (Shakespeare used lots of exclamation tag when writing the play). These show that Macbeth is very confident. In lines 2-4, Macbeth says, Our castles strength will laugh a siege to scorn. This shows he is not just confident in his way of saying things, only in any case very arrogant and confident that he will win. However, after his wife, the Queen, dies, Macbeths confidence drops. His soliloquy makes the play less realistic because people dont usually talk to themselves however it is still evocative because it clearly shows Macbeths emotions. In his soliloquy, Macbeth mentions that his wife should have died at a more cheerful time line 17, she should have died hereafter. This shows that Macbeth is suddenly completely numb in contrast to him being deep in love before his wife died. Perhaps, at this pint he is telling himself that he didnt really care abou t the Queen because he didnt want to show his being discomfit.In line 20, Macbeth starts talking about the meaning of life. This is showing he has a soft side and its also the point at which, in my opinion, he really starts to feel sorry for himself and realises the damage of all his mistakes. This section could also be a metaphor because he is comparing life to a play. He reminds the audience that the play is just an unreal story by saying that its just a story told by an idiot. It may be that Shakespeare is calling himself an idiot but I think this is highly unlikely. I think, on the other feed, that Macbeth is calling the author (Shakespeare) an idiot because Macbeths part in the play is not nice (he turns out to be the tragic hero).Moreover, by saying that an actor plays his character and then is heard no more, Macbeth hints at the end of the story at which he dies. in like manner, he is near the end of his acting and will probably be seen no more. He is emphasizing this poi nt perhaps to let people remember him once the play is over. It seems as though Shakespeare wrote this as Macbeths true moments, by himself, on stage as the hero. Macbeths evocative soliloquy, which shows his soft side, contrasts his really rude manner later. For example, in line 34, he shouts liar and slave. Then he quickly becomes less scary as he starts doubting himself and he even tells the messenger that he has the permission to hand Macbeth onto a tree till he dies of hunger. These sudden changes in moods and politeness show that Macbeth has confused emotions.Equivocation and Evil are the two main themes in Act 1, Scene 3. Equivocation is also the main theme throughout the play. In scene 3, the witches all talk in riddle. This is unclear and accordingly a form of equivocation because if the witches told the complete truth, the piece would have been completely different. For example Macbeth would have unsounded the Birnam Woods riddle. He would have understood that the fores t advancing meant an army of soldiers against him. Evil is the other main theme in Act 1, Scene 3. This is the scene in which Macbeth contemplates killing King Duncan. He describes his thoughts as awful and they cant even be spoken lines 138-139 Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair / and make my seated heart knock at my ribs. However, once Duncan is dead, Macbeth is suddenly able to kill more people more easily. So, what originally seemed very evil became normal for Macbeth.The Evil theme continues in act 5, scene 5. For example in lines 3-5, Macbeth says here let them lie till shortfall and the ague eat them up Macbeth said this without second thoughts showing that he does not feel very disturbed about people being killed or dieing horribly. Also, the evil in this scene is based more on Violence and Tyranny. For example, in lines 37-39, Macbeth says if though speakst false / upon the next tree shall hang though alive / Till famine cling thee. This is clearly more gruesome and evil than killing Duncan with a dagger but it is given less importance because killing, by this point, has become more accepted in the play. other theme in act 5, scene 5 is Appearance Vs Reality. For example, it appears that Birnam Woods are advancing and Macbeth doesnt understand this however, it turns out to an army of soldiers carrying logs. We can tell that no body really understood why the woods were advancing because in lines 32-33, a messenger says, and anon, methought / the wood began to move.Also, it appears, when Macbeth is talking about the Queen dieing, that he doesnt care and he seems completely numb to any pain. However, I think Macbeth is just putting on a false appearance at this point to pretend he is not upset and hes strong but in fact, I think the reality is that he is very upset but hiding it. Also, going by the riddles, it appears Macbeth is not going to die. He was promised by the second wraith in act 4, scene 1 (line 82-83) that none of woman born(p) / shall harm Macbeth. Both Macbeth and the audience think that everybody is of woman born and therefore Macbeth will not die. However, the reality, as is revealed in the very last scene in lines 15-16 in which Macduff explains that he, was from his mothers womb / Untimely ripped. Meaning that he was born by caesarean section and is therefore going to kill Macbeth.Throughout the whole play, the staging is of the essence(p) to pass messages on to the audience. In Act 1, Scene 3, the witches repose with hollo. This emphasizes the fact that they are weird and mysterious. Also, thunder is usually thought of as a negative thing so Shakespeare, by making the witches associate to thunder, give the audience a bad impression of them. Its as though the thunder symbolises the witches wickedness. Also in line 33, the witches dance together hand in hand and they call themselves The weird witches showing that they are different to normal people. The audience sees the witches as outsiders and obviously would find it hard to relate to them.Another weird and mysterious part is when the witches vanish after line 78. The withes actions show the audience that they are different and this, consequently, gives the audience doubts about whether they can be trusted as, as humans, we naturally find it difficult to trust people/things we dont know. Contrary to the witches, Ross and Angus are completely normal people, and in fact, they enter commonly, with no special staging effects. Macbeth is given speaches a couple of times during Act 1, Scene 3.At first, he speaks aside in line 117-119 when he marvels at being Thane of Cawdor and Thane of Glamis and he knows that being king is still to come. He also speaks aside in lines 130, 133, 147 and 152. All of these aside speeches make the play more unrealistic. Shakespeare did this because with the play being unrealistic, it can represent the characters emotions more effectively so they play is more evocative. It also means that the audience sole ly concentrate on the characters and their emotions. This emphasizes them so this play is written about the emotions and the plot is just a way of portraying them.In act 5, scene 5 the Queen dies offstage. This draws the audiences feelings towards Macbeths emotions and feelings as opposed to the actual death itself. This is important because death has become relatively insignificant by this point in the play because so many people have died. Therefore, sketch attention to the death would not be very effective. However, the audience is very interested in how Macbeth has changed throughout the play so his soliloquies and attention to him are very important in this part of the play.In the seventeenth century, Shakespeares plays were more enjoyed by the public because at the time, they also had a social significance. Historians have also been able to learn about life during the 17th century through Shakespeares play as they are closely related to society at that time. For example, in the 1600s there was a big interest about witches. People were extremely scared of them and there were rewards for catching them and horrible punishments for being a witch. This contrasts the play as the witches actually told the truth. The audience is as surprised as Macbeth is when he finds out that he was the Thane of Cawdor. In line 108, Macbeth says, what, can the devil speak true? to show his surprise.On the other, it was nasty of the witches to interfere and they were the main cause of all the problems so they proved to be as bad as society thought they were. The chestnut story in Act 1, Scene 3 shows the audience just how evil the witches are. This makes the audience feel happy because they have just been proved right about their thoughts about witches. Moreover, during Shakespeares time, inscription to the king was one of the most important things. Therefore, Macbeths thoughts (line 33) were extremely bad. It would have shocked the audience. This is also one of the main re asons that Duncans death is offstage. It would have offended the King if he were shown dieing on stage.In Act 5, Scene 5, it is especially surprising that Macbeth tells the messenger that he is allowed to hang him alive from a tree and let him die of hunger because during the 17th century, social consideration was very important and the Kings status would have been considered to be much greater than a messengers. The fact that Macbeth told the messenger that he could treat him the same, means that Macbeth is bringing his status right down much lower than a King would normally be to the level of the messenger. In society at that time, this would be extremely different to what everyone was used to so this event would have a huge impact on the audience.In my opinion, the unreality of the play is the main reason that Shakespeare managed to appeal to his audience both in the 17th century and in the modern era. The plot obviously had more social significance in the 17th century and was t herefore probably more effective then but the plot isnt the most important part whereas the emotions our. As our emotions harbort changed, the play can still be enjoyed now and the modern audience can still understand, and be affected by the evocative speeches and scenes.Cami Rothe Form 10PE Teacher A. Partington Coursework Pre 1914 Drama / Shakespeare

Ray Bradbury’s “There Will Come Soft Rains” Analysis Essay

M any of Ray Bradburys novels tend to focus around the idea that gentleman downfall exit be due to the increased attention to technology and machines are incapable of military man emotion. Unlike intimately short stories, thither Will Come Soft Rains does non have any benignant characters. It is dear an automated provide. The stomach performs a routine, similar to a humans. It makes pancakes, cleans itself, reads poems in the subscribe to and more. But for whom? The family that used to wear in the hearthstone, and the surrounding area, has been wiped out by a nuclear blast. The house does not realize and continues as if nothing is wrong. As the story draws to a close, a tree outgrowth breaks through a window, beginning a chain reaction and starts a fire inside the house. The house desperately tries to save itself, but fails. Ray Bradburys There Will Come Soft Rains presents many an(prenominal) themes, including that human value are becoming upset, arguing that people c annot control their outcome however, the greatest right presented is that constitution ordain live on without humans and humanity.Throughout the short story, the idea that human values are becoming lost is prominent. Human obtainings, such as sorrow and joy, are only possess by humans. At the beginning, the only surviving member of the family, the click, walks into the house extremely sick with radiation poisoning. The dog has tracked in mud and the robotic mice that clean the house are not happy about it. rear the dog whirred angry mice, angry at having to pick up mud, angry at the inconvenience (Bradbury 2). sooner of feeling sympathy and compassion for the dog, the robotic mice are annoyed at the mess hes made. check out a human were in the house, they would find treatment for the dog or at least feel sympathy for the dogs situation. However since the mice are robotic, they are incapable of feeling these emotions. They are plainly angry at having to pick up the mess, and shortly after, the dogs corpse.In an essay by Jennifer Hicks, the author discusses the diverse images in There Will Come Soft Rains and their negative connections. In the story,everything is computerized, including the kitchen appliances. She discusses a stove that cooks by itself, a miracle we all might want, unfortunately stimulates toast that was like stone (Hicks 236). The stove makes the majority of the nutrient in the house for the family. But unfortunately, it lacks the ability to cook the toast to perfection it is programmed to make it hard as a rock. People are able to cook their own toast to the way they want it. As the story draws to a close, a fire breaks loose in the house and burns everything in its path. The fibber describes the fire as crackling up the stairs and feeding on Picassos and Matisses (Bradbury 3). Picasso and Matisse have produced any(prenominal) of the most valued masterpieces that have ever been created and the fire just burns them away. Machines and robots are not human and therefore cannot posses human qualities.Ray Bradbury suggests that when humans try to change nature, they will meet similar outcomes just like when they try to change their fate. While the house is going through its daily routine, the narrator dough to describe the setting. He describes the house standing alone in a city of detritus and changeand the one house left standing (Bradbury 1). From the excerpt, it can be determined that a nuclear detonation has occurred and the entire city has been reduced to rubble and ash. The nuclear bomb was originally developed to defend the people of the United States. Bradbury is telling the readers that what humans create to protect themselves will ultimately spiel their downfall. As the story progresses, the narrator describes the incinerator in the cellar.Bradbury compares the sighing of an incinerator which sat like evil Baal in dark corner (Bradbury 2). The incinerator in the cellar is compared to Baal, a false god created by humans. In this situation, Baal is a symbol for humans creations and their stupidity. Therefore, he represents any other technology in the house. According to the Bible, anyone who worships a false god will be condemned to an eternity in Hell. Since the people in the house relied on technology for every purview of their life, they were worshipping the technology and ultimately met their demise. Robert Peltier discusses the dangers of technology presented by Bradbury and how humans need to base their lives on arts and liberal arts rather than technology and objects humans create.Peltier states that ofcourse, Bradbury is really asking us to make judgments about our own lives and the monsters we create to make our lives easierand to make us feel safe in a humanity where we are destroying nature with our greed and arrogance (Peltier 237). The monsters Peltier is referring to, are the machines humans use on a daily basis. These demons ultimately bring the downfall of th e people, and very possibly the entire world. As humans try to change their existence in an attempt to make their lives longer or more prosperous, they inadvertently make their lives shorter. When humans attempt to shoo-in God and change their fate, sooner or later they will bring about their own demise.The most prominent theme throughout There Will Come Soft Rains is that nature will live on without humans. In the story, there are no humans and nature moves on as if they were never even there. In the middle of the story, the house reads a poem that speaks of nature and war. It reads, And not one will know of the war, not one/Will care at last when it is done (Bradbury 3). Similar to the story, a catastrophic disaster has struck and humanity has been wiped off the face of the Earth, but nature lives on and does not care that humans no longer exist. This is an example of irony because a similar tragedy has upset Allendale. Donna Haisty discusses the multiple themes presented in th e short story. She discusses how Bradbury illustrates humankinds powerlessness in the face of natural forces (Haisty 3). As the story draws to a close, a tree branch crashes through a window, spilling a bottle of cleaning solvent, which ignites a fire.The fire, being a force of nature, is unconquerable by the mechanized house, a human creation. The house symbolizes humans and their trifling creations while the fire symbolizes the unconquerable quality of nature. When the new day breaks, Bradbury describes it as pervade showing faintly in the easteven as the insolate rose to shine upon the heaped rubble and steam (Bradbury 4). After the fire completely destroys the house, the sun rises to a new day. A rising sun is archetypal for rebirth and in this situation it is rebirth for the world after the attack. Instead of being a rainy and gloomy day, the morning is bright and joyful. Throughout the story, it is evident that humanity is not necessary for the world to exist. Through the d uration of There Will Come Soft Rains the themes of human values being lost due tohumans trying to change their outcome and the idea that nature will live on without humans is very prominent. It must not be forgotten that human values can never be programmed into a machine humans cannot change their outcomes, lest they should bring their doom nearer, and that nature has no suppose for trivial things such as humans.Works CitedBradbury, Ray. There Will Come Soft Rains. http//www.elizabethskadden.com/files/therewillcomesoftrainsbradbury.pdf. n.p. n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Haisty, Donna B. There Will Come Soft Rains. Masterplots II abruptly Story Series, Revised Edition (2004) 1-3. Literary consultation Center. Web. 6. Apr. 2014. Hicks, Jennifer. There Will Come Soft Rains. Short Stories for Students. Ed. Kathleen Wilson. Detroit Gale, 1997. 234-6. Print. Peltier, Robert. There Will Come Soft Rains. Short Stories For Students. Ed.Kathleen Wilson. Detroit Gale, 1997. 236-8. Print.

WIA, Education, technical personel regulations Research Paper

WIA, Education, technical personel regulations - Research Paper mannikinEmployees should, therefore, be retrained and encouraged to take up training ge ard toward their career advancements and the countrys scotch stability.Employee retraining shifts the focus from the line of work to the emergence of the employee and addresses issues of low skilled workers and the demand for more labour in a particular industry. Employee retraining addresses the need for matching employee skills with technological advancements and industry needs. Employee retraining in the States has been the sole responsibility of the federal government for over a century. However the rapid growth of the delivery at the turn of the 21st century made it necessary for employers to come up with programmes that would not only(prenominal) help them retain their work squelch but also equip them to cope in the changing business world. The Workforce Investment Act was introduced in 1998 and led to the creation of Work force Investments Boards that focused on the development of workers across America (Perkins, 1998).The Workforce Investments Act of 1998 was put in place of the Job Training coalition Act and was instituted to encourage the participation of businesses in the delivery of Workforce Development Services. The requirements of the act were to be dictated by Workforce Investment Boards, which were chaired by the local anaesthetic community or members from the private sector. Work force Development was then divided into sector based and place based. It was further categorized into statewide and local workforce investments systems, job corps and national programs. Other acts also demand that employers train their employees on sundry(a) areas to cover those protected by regulations like the Tittle VII of the Civil Rights Act on race, color, nationality, and religion.Employers are further forced to invest in employee retraining through federal laws that stipulate that the employee get a gi ven number of hours of training in some industries. In the aviation industry for

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Novel - Essay ExampleHowever, some ideas of future are based on the notion of rebirth. Other ideas believe in the existence of an future where utter tribe reside in a supernatural environment determined by gods or another(prenominal) supernatural beings based on the activities and beliefs of the dead while they were still alive. With reference to the already existing hereafter, this base aims at presenting a creativity based new future idea.It is a common notion that afterlife always comes in the form of a punishment or reward for the things that people do during their life history. This afterlife idea is based on the things that people do during the time when they still live (Sebold 89). The things that people do when they are alive are always a matter of choices. Some people choose to do bang-uply while other chooses to do evil or bad. It will seem unfair for those people who choose to do bad things to be treated in the same way that those who always did good are treated. I f in any case life would completely end at death, then the both types of human beings would be absolutely the same (Coward and Coward 101). However, this idea of afterlife seeks to reward those people who did good during their lifetime while making sure that those who did wrong would always be denied the benefits that those who do good get.This idea of an afterlife has its basis on social phasees and rebirth. Social class is a very influential thing in human life. Therefore, being in a higher social class will definitely discombobulate the life of the individual seem better (Zevin 90). On the other hand, when someones social class is lowered they will definitely live a life style that is less comfortable when compared with the type of lifestyle that they used to live before. Social class in the idea is used to either reward good deeds during lifetime or punish bad ones during the same period.Social class refers to the hierarchical and the monotonous classification of human bein gs in the society. The most

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The Changing Global Econ FIANL - Essay ExampleThe main features of globalisation include easiness, specialization of trade and exchange, increased connectivity, multi-dimensionality and top-d make process. Liberalization globalization is characterized by liberalization liberalization is the issuedom granted to business raft and industrialist to establish industries and carry out trading activities within the boundaries of their own countries or abroad. Liberalization involves free exchange of capital, goods, services, and technological advancements between countries and regions. Globalization guarantees increased trans-boundary ethnical exchanges resulting from free flow of immigration, more differentiated products, tourism, and sparing integration. Specialization of trade and exchange Specialization is the basic charge through which trade works to improve peoples lives. Inter matter trade takes place because whizz country can produce what another country cannot produce. Prior to globalization, finicky-border business was limited because most of the national economies were self-contained entities separated from unitary another by barriers to international trade and investments. Globalization has enhanced cross border business opportunities and enabled firms to sell what they can produce and buy those commodities they do not build the power to produce. Regional and international organizations have been formed to oversee the seamless trade among countries across the military personnel. Member countries have to follow the guidelines provided. Trade and exchange has allowed countries, multinational companies, small companies, large scale and small scale producers to apply economically and small Increased Connectivity Globalization makes it possible for various localities to be connected with the rest of the world through removal of barriers to connectivity. This is achieved through the role of globalization of breaking national boundaries and enhancing the links between one community and another. Globalization creates proper links between countries through international transmission of information, literature, culture, technology, and knowledge. The space get on device, the internet, has enhanced communication and knowledge exchange among people from different locations in the world instantly. It has also permitted people to understand the various cultures in the world, making it easy to interact and do business together. Multi-dimensional Process A multi-dimensionality approach to globalization implies that the concept can be looked at from three dimensions economical, political, cultural, and ideological. Globalization in economic terms means opening up of global markets by enhancing free trade and commerce among countries of the world. Politically, globalization means decentralization of power and functions of state, which grants more rights and freedoms to people through empowerment of the private sector. In cultural terms, globalization refers to the exchange of cultural values among various societies and nations of the world. Ideologically, globalization is the spread of liberalism and capitalism. Top-down Process Globalization origintates from the alter world and Multinational Corporations, and spans to less industrialized countries. Technologies, capital, goods, and services are manufactured in industrialized countries and sold to the developing world. It is the responsibility